Case 1
- Introduction
- Causes of Defects
- Good Practices
- Standards
- Maintenance and Diagnostics
- Remedial
- Similar Cases
- References
Standards
Rendering
BS 4551 + A2 Mortar. Methods of test for mortar and screed. Chemical analysis and physical testing
BS 8000 Part 0 Workmanship on construction sites. Introduction and general principles
BS EN 197 Part 1 Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements
BS EN 998 Part 1 Specification for mortar for masonry. Rendering and plastering mortar
BS EN 1015 Methods of test for mortar for masonry.
- Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution (by sieve analysis)
- Part 2: Bulk sampling of mortars and preparation of test mortars
- Part 3: Determination of consistence of fresh mortar (by flow table)
- Part 4: Determination of consistence of fresh mortar (by plunger penetration)
- Part 6: Determination of bulk density of fresh mortar
- Part 7: Determination of air content of fresh mortar
- Part 9: Determination of workable life and correction time of fresh mortar
- Part 10: Determination of dry bulk density of hardened mortar
- Part 12: Determination of adhesive strength of hardened rendering and plastering mortars on substrates
- Part 18: Determination of water absorption coefficient due to capillary action of hardened mortar
- Part 19: Determination of water vapour permeability of hardened rendering and plastering mortars
- Part 21: Determination of the compatibility of one-coat rendering mortars with substrates
BS EN 13139 Aggregates for mortar
BS EN 13279 Gypsum binders and gypsum plasters.
- Part 1: Definitions and requirements
- Part 2: Test methods
BS EN 13658 Metal lath and beads. Definitions, requirements and test methods.
- Part 1: Internal plastering
- Part 2: External rendering
BS EN 13914 Part 1 Design, preparation and application of external rendering and internal plastering. External rendering
Tiling
BS 5385 Part 3 Wall and floor tiling. Design and installation of internal and external ceramic and mosaic floor tiling in normal conditions. Code of practice
BS 8000 Part 0 Workmanship on construction sites. Introduction and general principles
BS EN 12004 Adhesives for ceramic tiles – Requirements, assessment and verification of constancy of performance, classification and marking
BS EN 14411 Ceramic tiles. Definition, classification, characteristics, assessment and verification of constancy of performance and marking
American Society for Testing and Materials
Rendering
ASTM C28 / C28M Standard Specification for Gypsum Plasters
ASTM C35 Standard Specification for Inorganic Aggregates for Use in Gypsum Plaster
ASTM C472 Standard Test Methods for Physical Testing of Gypsum, Gypsum Plasters and Gypsum Concrete
ASTM C778 Standard Specification for Standard Sand
ASTM C1328 / C1328M Standard Specification for Plastic (Stucco) Cement
ASTM C1329 / C1329M Standard Specification for Mortar Cement
Tilings
ASTM C485 Standard Test Method for Measuring Warpage of Ceramic Tile
ASTM C499 Standard Test Method for Facial Dimensions and Thickness of Flat, Rectangular Ceramic Wall and Floor Tile
ASTM C609 Standard Test Method for Measurement of Light Reflectance Value and Small Color Differences Between Pieces of Ceramic Tile
ASTM C648 Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength of Ceramic Tile
ASTM C650 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Ceramic Tile to Chemical Substances
ASTM C1027 Standard Test Method for Determining Visible Abrasion Resistance of Glazed Ceramic Tile
ASTM C1378 Standard Test Method for Determination of Resistance to Staining
ASTM D5343 Standard Guide for Evaluating Cleaning Performance of Ceramic Tile Cleaners
Australian Standards
Rendering
AS 2350 Methods of testing portland, blended and masonry cements
- Method 2 Chemical composition
- Method 12 Preparation of a standard mortar and moulding of specimens
- Method 13 Determination of drying shrinkage of cement mortars
AS/NZS 2350 Method 11 Methods of testing portland and blended cements – Method 11: Compressive strength
Tilings
AS 1884 Floor coverings – Resilient sheet and tiles – Installation practices
AS 3958 Ceramic tiles
- Part 1/Amd 1 Guide to installation of ceramic tiles
- Part 2 Guide to the selection of a ceramic tiling system
AS 4459 Methods of sampling and testing ceramic tiles
- Method 10 Determination of moisture expansion
- Method 11 Determination of crazing resistance for glazed tiles
- Method 13 Determination of chemical resistance
- Method 14 Determination of resistance to stains
AS ISO 10545 Ceramic tiles
- Method 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance
- Method 2: Determination of dimensions and surface quality
- Method 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density
- Method 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength
- Method 8: Determination of linear thermal expansion
- Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles
Singapore Standards
Rendering
SS EN 197 Cement
- Part 1 : Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cement
- Part 2 : Conformity evaluation
Tilings
SS 665 Code of practice for ceramic wall and floor tiling
International Organization for Standardization
Tilings
ISO 10545 Ceramic tiles
- Part 1: Sampling and basis for acceptance
- Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density
- Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength
- Part 5: Determination of impact resistance by measurement of coefficient of restitution
- Part 6: Determination of resistance to deep abrasion for unglazed tiles
- Part 10: Determination of moisture expansion
- Part 13: Determination of chemical resistance
- Part 14: Determination of resistance to stains
- Part 16: Determination of small colour differences
ISO 13006 Ceramic tiles — Definitions, classification, characteristics and marking