Case 1
- Introduction
- Causes of Defects
- Good Practices
- Standards
- Maintenance and Diagnostics
- Remedial
- Similar Cases
- References
Standards
BS EN 197-1 Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements
BS ISO 3310-2 Test sieves. Technical requirements and testing. Test sieves of perforated metal plate / BS 410-1, ISO 3310-1 Test sieves. Technical requirements and testing. Test sieves of metal wire cloth
BS EN 12620:2002+A1 Aggregates for concrete
BS EN 12878 Pigments for the colouring of building materials based on cement and/or lime. Specifications and methods of test
BS EN 998-2 Specification for mortar for masonry . Masonry mortar / BS EN 998-1:2010 Specification for mortar for masonry. Rendering and plastering mortar
BS EN 934-3 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Admixtures for masonry mortar. Definitions, requirements, conformity and marking and labelling
BS EN 934-3 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Admixtures for masonry mortar. Definitions, requirements, conformity and marking and labelling
BS EN 934-6 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Sampling, conformity control and evaluation of conformity
BS EN 480-11 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of air void characteristics in hardened concrete
BS EN 480-12 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of the alkali content of admixtures
BS EN 480-1 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Reference concrete and reference mortar for testing
BS EN 934-2 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout . Concrete admixtures. Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling
BS EN 480-8 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of the conventional dry material content
BS EN 480-10 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of water soluble chloride content
BS EN 480-6 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Infrared analysis
BS EN 480-5 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of capillary absorption
BS EN 480-2 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of setting time
BS EN 998-2 Specification for mortar for masonry . Masonry mortar
BS EN 998-1 Specification for mortar for masonry. Rendering and plastering mortar
BS 6319-3 Testing of resin and polymer/cement compositions for use in construction. Methods for measurement of modulus of elasticity in flexure and flexural strength
BS 6319-12 Testing of resin and polymer/cement compositions for use in construction. Methods for measurement of unrestrained linear shrinkage and coefficient of thermal expansion
DD 249 Testing aggregates. Method for the assessment of alkali-silica reactivity. Potential accelerated mortar-bar method (Withdrawn)
PD 6678 Guide to the specification of masonry mortar
BS EN 480-1 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Reference concrete and reference mortar for testing
BS EN 480-2 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of setting time
BS EN 480-4 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of bleeding of concrete
BS EN 480-5 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of capillary absorption
BS EN 480-6 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Infrared analysis
BS EN 480-8 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of the conventional dry material content
BS EN 480-10 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of water soluble chloride content
BS EN 480-11 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of air void characteristics in hardened concrete
BS EN 480-12 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Test methods. Determination of the alkali content of admixtures
BS EN 934-2 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout . Concrete admixtures. Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and labelling
BS EN 934-6 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Sampling, conformity control and evaluation of conformity
BS 4551 Mortar. Methods of test for mortar and screed. Chemical analysis and physical testing
BS 8204 Screeds, bases and in situ floorings. Concrete bases and cementitious levelling screeds to receive floorings. Code of practice
BS 8204-2 Screeds, bases and in situ floorings. Concrete wearing surfaces. Code of practice
BS 8204-3 Screeds, bases and in situ floorings. Polymer modified cementitious levelling screeds and wearing screeds. Code of practice
BS 8204-4 Screeds, bases and in situ floorings. Cementitious terrazzo wearing surfaces. Code of practice
BS 8204-5 Screeds, bases and in situ floorings. Mastic asphalt underlays and wearing surfaces. Code of practice
BS 8204-6 Screeds, bases and in situ floorings. Synthetic resin floorings. Code of practice
BS 8204-7 Screeds, bases and in-situ floorings. Pumpable self-smoothing screeds. Code of practice
ASTM C33 Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates
ASTM C87 Standard Test Method for Effect of Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregate on Strength of Mortar
ASTM C94 Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
ASTM C109 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens)
ASTM C115 Standard Test Method for Fineness of Portland Cement by the Turbidimeter
ASTM C125 Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
ASTM C136 Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
ASTM C295 Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
ASTM C305 Standard Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
ASTM C348 Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars
ASTM C349 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars (Using Portions of Prisms Broken in Flexure)
ASTM C452 Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
ASTM C490 Standard Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and Concrete
ASTM C494 Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
ASTM C597 Standard Test Method for Pulse Velocity Through Concrete
ASTM C642 Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete
ASTM C778 Standard Specification for Standard Sand
ASTM C805 Standard Test Method for Rebound Number of Hardened Concrete
ASTM C1038 Standard Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored in Water
ASTM D1067-11 Standard Test Methods for Acidity or Alkalinity of Water
ASTM D1129-13 Standard Terminology Relating to Water
ASTM D1193 – 06 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D1293 – 12 Standard Test Methods for pH of Water
AS 1478.2 Chemical admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Methods of sampling and testing admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout
AS 1012.1 Methods of testing concrete – Sampling of concrete
AS 1012.2 Methods of testing concrete – Preparing concrete mixes in the laboratory
AS 1012.3.1:2014 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of properties related to the consistency of concrete – Slump test
AS 1012.3.5 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of properties related to the consistency of concrete – Slump flow, T500 and J-ring test
AS 1012.4.1 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of air content of freshly mixed concrete – Measuring reduction in concrete volume with increased air pressure
AS 1012.4.2 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of air content of freshly mixed concrete – Measuring reduction in air pressure in chamber above concrete
AS 1012.4.3 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of air content of freshly mixed concrete – Measuring air volume when concrete is dispersed in water
AS 1012.5 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of mass per unit volume of freshly mixed concrete
AS 1012.5 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of mass per unit volume of freshly mixed concrete
AS 1012.6 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of bleeding of concrete
AS 1012.8.1 Methods of testing concrete – Method for making and curing concrete – Compression and indirect tensile test specimens
AS 1012.8.2 Methods of testing concrete – Method for making and curing concrete – Flexure test specimens
AS 1012.13 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of the drying shrinkage of concrete for samples prepared in the field or in the laboratory
AS 1012.20.1 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of chloride and sulfate in hardened concrete and aggregates – Nitric acid extraction method
AS 1012.20.2 Methods of testing concrete – Determination of water-soluble chloride in aggregates and hardened concrete
AS 1379 Specification and supply of concrete
AS 1379 Specification and supply of concrete
AS 1478.2 Chemical admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Methods of sampling and testing admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout
AS 2350.12 Methods of testing portland, blended and masonry cements – Preparation of a standard mortar and moulding of specimens
AS 2350.14 Methods of testing portland, blended and masonry cements – Length change of cement mortars exposed to sulfate solution
SS EN 197 – 1 Cement – Part 1 : Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cement /
SS EN 197 – 2 Cement – Part 2 : Conformity evaluation
SS EN 12620 Amendment No.1 Specification for aggregates for concrete
SS 544 – 1 Concrete – Complementary Singapore Standard to SS EN 206 – Part 1: Method of specifying and guidance for the specifier / SS 544 – 2 : 2014 Concrete – Complementary Singapore Standard to SS EN 206 – Part 2: Specification for constituent materials and concrete
SS EN 934 – 1 Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Common requirements
SS 561 Specification for steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete
SS 580 Code of practice for formwork
ISO 1920-3 Testing of concrete — Part 3: Making and curing test specimens
ISO 1920-1 Testing of concrete — Part 1: Sampling of fresh concrete
ISO 1920-3 Testing of concrete — Part 3: Making and curing test specimens
ISO 3766 Construction drawings — Simplified representation of concrete reinforcement
ISO 1920-4 Testing of concrete — Part 4: Strength of hardened concrete
ISO 1920-4 Testing of concrete — Part 4: Strength of hardened concrete
ISO 4103 Concrete — Classification of consistency
ISO 1920-4 Testing of concrete — Part 4: Strength of hardened concrete
ISO 1920-2 Testing of concrete — Part 2: Properties of fresh concrete
ISO 1920-2 Testing of concrete — Part 2: Properties of fresh concrete
ISO 1920-2 Testing of concrete — Part 2: Properties of fresh concrete
ISO 4635 Rubber, vulcanized — Preformed joint seals for use between concrete paving sections of highways – Specification
ISO 1920-2 Testing of concrete — Part 2: Properties of fresh concrete
ISO 1920-5 Testing of concrete — Part 5: Properties of hardened concrete other than strength
ISO 1920-2 Testing of concrete — Part 2: Properties of fresh concrete
ISO 1920-10 Testing of concrete — Part 10: Determination of static modulus of elasticity in compression
ISO 6935-1 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 1: Plain bars
ISO 6935-2 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete — Part 2: Ribbed bars