Glossary
A
Acropetal: Having the youngest conidia at the apex of a chain
Acervulus: Small asexual fruiting body resembling a cushion or blister consisting of a mat of hyphae
Appendage: Natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism
Anastomosing: Connecting by cross-veins and forming a network
Annular: Shaped like a ring
Ascospore: Haploid sexual spore that is formed by free-cell formation in an ascus following karyogamy and meiosis
Attenuated: Become weaker, in strength, value, or magnitude
B
Basal: Located at the base of a plant or stem
Basipetal: Having the youngest conidia at the base of a chain
C
Catenulate: Arrange in a series of rings or chains
Chlamydoconidium (pl. chlamydoconidia): A rounded, enlarged conidium that usually has a thickened cell wall and functions as a survival propagule
Chlamydospore: See chlamydoconidium
Clamp connection: A specialized hyphal bridge involved with nuclear division in the Basidiomycetes
Clavate: Club shaped
Coenocytic: Multi-nucleated cell
Conidiogenous cell: A cell that gives rise to conidia
Conidiophore: A specialized hypha upon which conidia develop
Conidium (pl. conidia): An asexual, non-motile, usually deciduous propagule that is not formed by cytoplasmic cleave, free-cell formation, or by conjugation
D
Dendroid: Resembling a tree in form and branching structure
Dichotomous: Divided into two sharply distinguished parts or classifications
E
Echinulate: Set with small spines or prickles
Ellipsoid: Circular plane
Endogenous: Increasing by internal growth and elongation at the summit
Epidermal: Outer layer of the skin covering the exterior body surface of vertebrates
Exogenous: Growing by addition to the exterior
Filiform: Thin in diameter; resembling a thread
F
Fusiform: Tapering at both ends; spindle shaped
Fusoid: Somewhat fusiform
G
Globose: Having the shape of a sphere or ball
H
Haustoria: Sucklike rootlets
Hyaline: Glassy, translucent
I
Intercalary: Occurring within a hypha
J
K
Karyogamy: Fusion of two nuclei
L
Lateral: Part furthest away from branches
Locule: Small cavity or space
M
Meiosis: Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms
Muriform: Having vertical and horizontal septa
N
Nematodes: Unsegmented, cylindrical bodies, often narrowing at ends
O
Obconical: Cone-shaped but attached at the narrower end
Obovoid: Inversely ovoid; roughly egg-shaped, with narrow end downwards
P
Penicillate: Having the form of a pencil
Perithecia : Small flask-shaped fruiting body in ascomycetous fungi that contains the ascospores
Phialide: Special portion of the conidiophore from which the conidia are borne
Prong: Pointed projection
Pycnidium: Flask-shaped asexual structure containing conidia
Pyriform: Pear shaped
Q
R
Rhizoids: Filamentous structures that attach to a substrate and absorb moisture
S
Saprophytic: Nourished on dead or decaying organic matter
Sclerotium (pl. sclerotia): An organized mass of hyphae that remains dormant during unfavorable conditions
Seta (pl. setae): A bristle or bristle-like structure
Sessile: Stalkless
Spore: A reproductive propagule that forms either following meiosis or asexually by a cleavage process
Sporangiolum (pl. sporangiola): A sporangium that contains a small number of sporangiospores. Some sporangiola may contain only one sporangiospore
Sporangiophore: A specialized hypha that gives rise to a sporangium.
Sporangiospore: A spore that is formed by a cleavage process following karyogamy and mitosis in a sporangium
Sporangium (pl. sporangia): An asexual sac-like cell that has its entire content cleaved into sporangiospores
Sporodochium (pl. sporodochia): Cushion-like mat of hyphae bearing conidiophores over its surface
Sterigmata: Small woody peg like outgrowths of the twig, bearing leaves or needles
Striate: Marked with a stripe of contrasting color
Stroma: Layer or mass of cellular tissue, especially that part of the thallus of certain fungi which incloses the perithecia
Synnema (pl. synnemata): An erect macroscopic structure consisting of united conidiophores that bear conidia terminally, laterally, or in both ways.
T
Tetrahedral: Having the form of a solid angle bounded or inclosed by 4 plane angles
Transverse: extending or lying across; in a crosswise direction
Truncate: Ending abruptly
U
Umbel: Individual stalks arise from about the same point
V
Verticillate: Forming one or more whorls (especially around a stem)
Vesicle: A swollen cell; the swollen apices of some conidiophores or sporangiophores