References
Elevators’ References
[1] L. & E. Rayyan, “Microprocessor Control Panel.”
[2] vBulletin, “Discuss: Mobility Device User Dies After Lift Accident,” 2016.
[3] Elevatorbob, “elevatorbob’s Elevator Pictures – Elevator Sills – Page 1,” 2010.
[4] E. Genesis, “Proper Preventative Maintenance | Genesis Elevator,” 2012.
[5] D. Balmer, “Single Speed Elevators,” 2015.
[6] PMT, “ide Quality Measurement & Analysis for the Elevator/Escalator Industry,” 2016.
[7] CastleLift, “Castle Elevators & Lifts Product,” 2016. .
[8] KONE, “KONE Parts,” 2015.
[9] ConsulNeowatt, “Power Back Up for Lifts and Elevators | Power Backup Products.”
[10] TSSA, “ELEVATOR MACHINE ROOM EQUIPMENT GUARDING A BEST PRACTICES GUIDELINE PRODUCED BY INDUSTRY STAKEHOLDERS,” 2009.
[11] YouTube, “Elevator Machine Room, Year 2009 – YouTube,” 2014.
[12] D. Ingold, “Mitigating Elevator Noise in Multifamily Residential Buildings,” 2009.
[13] Regrooving, “Sheave Regrooving – Renown Electric,” 2016.
[14] W. Works, “Sheaves and Grooves.”
[15] E. G. DCL, “Lift Repairs,” 2016.
[16] EMSD, “Technical Investigation Report on Lift Incident at 478-480 King’s Road, North Point, Hong Kong,” 2013.
[17] A. Mayr, “Elevator Brakes,” 2015.
[18] AASA and K. Y. Parts, “Brake Pad Wear Chart | Know Your Parts.”
[19] Elevation, “Overspeed governor,” 2016.
[20] EMSD, “Technical Report on the Lift Incident on 25 October 2008 at Shin Nga House , Fu Shin Estate , Tai Po,” no. December, 2008.
[21] DML, “Digital Hygrometer DHT300.”
[22] E. Dynatech, “Dynatech-Elevation.”
[23] E. Components, “Progressive Elevator Safety Gear,” 2009.
[24] F. Surfaces, “LAX Terminal 4 | Forms+Surfaces.”
[25] Schaefer, “Schaefer.”
[26] SnapCab, “Imperial III – SnapCab,” 2016.
[27] Ria, “Gallery of Shame | Rooney Irving & Associates.”
[28] E. P. Pybom, “Elevator Blower,Elevator Cross Flow Blower,Elevator Blower Factory,” 2009.
[29] G. Wolf, “Elevator Ropes and Accessories for North America 5th Edition,” Gustav Wolf, 2016.
[30] R. Karavas, “A17.6-2010 Suspension Code Rope Replacement Criteria – Steel Wire Ropes,” 2016.
[31] D. S. Reliability, “SPM Bearing Checker,” 2012.
[32] SraitsTimes, “BCA suspends operation of Punggol lift with faulty door, Singapore News & Top Stories – The Straits Times,” 2016.
[33] E. Mitsubishi, “MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC News Releases,Mitsubishi Electric to Launch NEXIEZ-LITE Elevators in India,” 2014.
[34] A. Vator, “Vator Accessories, Inc. – Door Restrictors,” 2016.
[35] Cleanpit, “Elevator Pit Cleaning, Elevator Pit Waterproofing, Elevator Pit Water Leak Repairs Fort Lauderdale, FL Buy Elevator Parts.”
[36] SaniTred, “Waterproofing Elevator Pits – The Solution – Do-It-Yourself Basement Waterproofing Sealer | SANI-TRED,” 2015.
Design for Maintainability (DfM) Guidelines References
[1] Wujek, J.B. and Dagostino, F. (2010). Mechanical and Electrical Systems in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (5th ed.). Ohio: Prentice Hall.
[2] ASHRAE (2016). ASHRAE Standard 15 — Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems and Designation and Classification of Refrigerants. USA: ASHRAE.
[3] Chew, M. Y. L. (2016). Maintainability of Facilities: Green FM for Building Professionals (2nd ed.). Singapore: World Scientific.
[4] International Code Council, Inc. (2011). International Plumbing Code (2012 ed.). USA: International Code Council, Inc.
[5] Public Utilities Board (2004). Code of Practice on Sewerage and Sanitary Works (1st Adden.). Singapore: Public Utilities Board (PUB).
[6] Singapore Civil Defence Force (2015). Singapore Fire Safety Engineering Guidelines. Retrieved on March 22, 2017 from https://www.scdf.gov.sg/sites/www.scdf.gov.sg/
files/Singapore%20Fire%20Safety%20Engineering%20Guidelines%202015_1.pdf.
[7] National Fire Protection Association (2016). NFPA 70B: Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment Maintenance. National Fire Protection Association.
[8] SPRING Singapore (1998). CP 5: Code of practice for electrical installations. Singapore: SPRING Singapore.
[9] Singapore Civil Defence Force (2013). Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings. Singapore: SCDF.
[10] NUS Maintainability of Buildings (2016). HVAC. Retrieved on January 22 from http://maintainability.com.sg/?page_id=94&page=4.
[11] Institute of Environmental Epidemiology (2001). Code of Practice for the Control of Legionella Bacteria in Cooling Towers (4th ed.). Singapore: Ministry of the Environment.
[12] National Environment Agency (2008). Code of Practice on Piped Drinking Water Sampling and Safety Plans. Singapore: National Environment Agency (NEA).
[13] BMSMA (2016). Building Maintenance and Strata Management Act. (Lift, Escalator and Building Maintenance) Regulations 2016.
[14] CIBSE (2015). CIBSE Guide D: Transportation Systems in Buildings. UK: CIBSE.
[15] Piper, J. (2004). Handbook of Facility Assessment. United States of America: The Fairmount Press.
Normative References/Standards Referred to for Mechanical and Electrical Systems
• AHRI 260 — Sound rating of ducted air moving and conditioning equipment
• ANSI/ASHRAE 188-2015 — Legionellosis: Risk Management for Building Water Systems
• ANSI/ASHRAE/ACCA Standard 180-2012 — Standard practice for inspection and maintenance of commercial building HVAC systems
• ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2016 — Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings
• ANSI/ASHRAE/IES/USGBC Standard 189.1-2014 — Standard for the Design of High-Performance Green Buildings
• AS 1668.2-2012 — The use of ventilation and airconditioning in buildings — Mechanical ventilation in buildings
• AS 1735.1:2016 — Lifts, escalators and moving walks. General requirements
• AS 2293 SET:2005 — Emergency escape lighting and exit signs Set
• AS HB 197:1999 — An introductory guide to the slip resistance of pedestrian surface materials
• AS/NZS 2293.2:1995/AMDT 3:2012 — Emergency escape lighting and exit signs for buildings Inspection and maintenance
• AS/NZS 4663:2004 — Slip resistance measurement of existing pedestrian surfaces
• ASHRAE Guideline 12-2000 — Minimizing the Risk of Legionellosis Associated with Building Water Systems
• ASME A17.1/CSA B44:2010 — Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators
• ASME A17.3:2008 — Safety Code for Existing Elevators and Escalators
• ASME A17.6:2010 — Standard for Elevator Suspension, Compensation, and Governor Systems
• BS 1363-4:2016 — 13 A plugs, socket-outlets, adaptors and connection units. Specification for 13 A fused connection units switched and unswitched
• BS 5266-1:2016 — Emergency lighting. Code of practice for the emergency lighting of premises
• BS 5306-3:2009 — Fire extinguishing installations and equipment on premises. Commissioning and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers. Code of practice
• BS 5306-8:2012 — Fire extinguishing installations and equipment on premises. Selection and positioning of portable fire extinguishers. Code of practice
• BS 5306-9:2015 — Fire extinguishing installations and equipment on premises. Recharging of portable fire extinguishers. Code of practice
• BS 5655-11:2005 — Lifts and service lifts. Code of practice for the undertaking of modifications to existing electric lifts
• BS 5655-6:2011 — Lifts and service lifts. Code of practice for the selection, installation and location of new lifts
• BS 5839-1:2017 — Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings. Code of practice for design, in-stallation, commissioning and maintenance of systems in non-domestic premises
• BS 5839-3:1988 — Fire detection and alarm systems for buildings. Specification for automatic release mechanisms for certain fire protection equipment
• BS 5839-6:2013 — Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings. Code of practice for the design, installation, commissioning and maintenance of fire detection and fire alarm systems in domestic premises
• BS 5839-9:2011 — Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings. Code of practice for the design, installation, commissioning and maintenance of emergency voice communication systems
• BS 5908-1:2012 — Fire and explosion precautions at premises handling flammable gases, liquids and dusts. Code of practice for precautions against fire and explosion in chemical plants, chemical storage and similar premises
• BS 6391:2009 — Specification for non-percolating lay flat delivery hoses and hose assemblies for fire-fighting purposes
• BS 6423:2014 — Code of practice for maintenance of low-voltage switchgear and control gear
• BS 6626:2010 — Maintenance of electrical switchgear and control gear for voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 36 kV. Code of practice
• BS 7255:2012 — Code of practice for safe working on lifts
• BS 7291-1:2010 — Thermoplastics pipe and fitting systems for hot and cold water for domestic purposes and heating installations in buildings. General requirements
• BS 7430:2011+A1:2015 — Code of practice for protective earthing of electrical installations
• BS 7671:2008+A3:2015 — Requirements for Electrical Installations. IET Wiring Regulations
• BS 7698-7:1996, ISO 8528-7:1994 — Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current generating sets. Technical declarations for specification and design
• BS 8486-1:2007+A1:2011 — Examination and test of new lifts before putting into service. Specification for means of determining compliance with BS EN 81. Electric lifts
• BS 8512:2008 — Electric cables. Code of practice for the storage, handling, installation and disposal of cables on wooden drums
• BS 8554:2015 — Code of practice for the sampling and monitoring of hot and cold water services in buildings
• BS 8558:2015 — Guide to the design, installation, testing and maintenance of services supplying water for domestic use within buildings and their curtilages. Complementary guidance to BS EN 806
• BS 8899:2016 — Improvement of fire-fighting and evacuation provisions in existing lifts. Code of practice
• BS 9990:2015 — Non automatic fire-fighting systems in buildings. Code of practice
• BS EN 1004:2004 — Mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements. Materials, dimensions, design loads, safety and performance requirements
• BS EN 10088-2:2014 — Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
• BS EN 1057:2006+A1:2010 — Copper and copper alloys. Seamless, round copper tubes for water and gas in sanitary and heating applications
• BS EN 115-1:2008+A1:2010 — Safety of escalators and moving walks. Construction and installation
• BS EN 13015:2001+A1:2008 — Maintenance for lifts and escalators. Rules for maintenance instructions
• BS EN 13121-3:2016 — GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground. Design and workmanship
• BS EN 1402:2009 — Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies. Hydrostatic testing
• BS EN 1567:1999 — Building valves. Water pressure reducing valves and combination water reducing valves. Requirements and tests.
• BS EN 16767:2016 — Industrial valves. Steel and cast iron check valves
• BS EN 1796:2013 — Plastics piping systems for water supply with or without pressure. Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin (UP)
• BS EN 1838:2013 — Lighting applications. Emergency lighting
• BS EN 1947:2014 — Fire-fighting hoses. Semi-rigid delivery hoses and hose assemblies for pumps and vehicles
• BS EN 1982:2008 — Copper and copper alloys. Ingots and castings
• BS EN 1992-1-1:2004+A1:2014 — Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures. General rules and rules for buildings
• BS EN 3 series — Portable fire extinguishers
• BS EN 50172:2004, BS 5266-8:2004 — Emergency escape lighting systems
• BS EN 545:2010 — Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for water pipelines. Requirements and test methods
• BS EN 598:2007+A1:2009 — Ductile iron pipes, fittings, accessories and their joints for sewerage applications. Requirements and test methods
• BS EN 61009-2-1:1995 — Specification for residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs). Applicability of the general rules to RCBOs functionally independent of line voltage
• BS EN 62305-1:2011 — Protection against lightning. General principles
• BS EN 694:2014 — Fire-fighting hoses. Semi-rigid hoses for fixed systems
• BS EN 805:2000 — Water supply. Requirements for systems and components outside buildings
• BS EN 806-5:2012 — Specifications for installations inside buildings conveying water for human consumption. Operation and maintenance
• BS EN 81-20:2014 — Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts. Lifts for the transport of persons and goods. Passenger and goods passenger lifts
• BS EN 81-50:2014 — Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts.
Examinations and tests. Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components
• BS EN ISO 16841:2014 — Steel wire ropes. Pulling eyes for rope installation. Types and minimum requirements
• BS EN ISO 21003-2:2008+A1:2011 — Multilayer piping systems for hot and cold water installations in-side buildings. Pipes
• BS EN ISO 21003-3:2008 — Multilayer piping systems for hot and cold water installations inside buildings. Fittings
• BS EN ISO 21003-5:2008 — Multilayer piping systems for hot and cold water installations inside build-ings. Fitness for purpose of the system
• BS ISO 10916:2014 — Calculation of the impact of daylight utilization on the net and final energy demand for lighting
• BS ISO 18738:2003 — Lifts (elevators). Measurement of lift ride quality
• BS ISO 18738-2:2012 — Measurement of ride quality — Part 2: Escalators and moving walks
• CSA Z412-2000 (R2016) — Guideline on Office Ergonomics
• IEC 60079 — Explosive Atmosphere Standards
• IEC 61009-1:2010+AMD1:2012+AMD2:2013 CSV (Consolidated version) — Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) — Part 1: General rules
• IEC 62305-3:2010 — Protection against lightning — Part 3: Physical damage to structures and life hazard
• IEC 62305-4:2010 — Protection against lightning — Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
• ISO 10816-3:2009 — Mechanical vibration — Evaluation of machine vibration by measurements on non-rotating parts — Part 3: Industrial machines with nominal power above 15 kW and nominal speeds be-tween 120 r/min and 15 000 r/min when measured in situ
• ISO 12242:2012 — Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits — Ultrasonic transittime meters for liquid
• ISO 13612-1:2014 — Heating and cooling systems in buildings — Method for calculation of the system performance and system design for heat pump systems — Part 1: Design and dimensioning
• ISO 1452-1:2009 — Plastics piping systems for water supply and for buried and aboveground drainage and sewerage under pressure — Unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVCU) — Part 1: General
• ISO 14798:2009 — Lifts (elevators), escalators and moving walks — Risk assessment and reduction methodology
• ISO 16814:2008 — Building environment design — Indoor air quality — Methods of expressing the quality of indoor air for human occupancy
• ISO 2017-1:2005 — Mechanical vibration and shock — Resilient mounting systems — Part 1: Technical information to be exchanged for the application of isolation systems
• ISO 2230:2002 — Rubber products — Guidelines for storage
• ISO 2408:2004 — Steel wire ropes for general purposes — Minimum requirements
• ISO 25745-1:2012 — Energy performance of lifts, escalators and moving walks — Part 1: Energy measurement and verification
• ISO 25745-2:2015 — Energy performance of lifts, escalators and moving walks — Part 2: Energy calculation and classification for lifts (elevators)
• ISO 25745-3:2015 — Energy performance of lifts, escalators and moving walks — Part 3: Energy calculation and classification of escalators and moving walks
• ISO 29463-1:2011 — High-efficiency filters and filter media for removing particles in air — Part 1: Classification, performance testing and marking
• ISO 29463-5:2011 — High-efficiency filters and filter media for removing particles in air — Part 5: Test method for filter elements
• ISO 3864-1:2011 — Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety markings
• ISO 4344:2004 — Steel wire ropes for lifts — Minimum requirements
• ISO 5149-1:2014/Amd 1:2015 — Refrigerating systems and heat pumps — Safety and environmental requirements — Part 1: Definitions, classification and selection criteria. AMENDMENT 1: Correction of QLAV, QLMV
• ISO 6182 series — Fire protection — Automatic sprinkler systems
• ISO 7240 series — Fire detection and alarm systems
• ISO 7465:2007 — Passenger lifts and service lifts — Guide rails for lift cars and counterweights — T-type
• ISO 8995-1:2002/Cor 1:2005 — Lighting of work places — Part 1: Indoor
• ISO 9996:1996 — Mechanical vibration and shock — Disturbance to human activity and performance — Classification
• ISO/CD 8100-30 — Lifts for the transport of persons and goods — Part 30: Class I, II, III and VI lifts installation
• ISO/DIS 22559-1 — Safety requirements for lifts (elevators) — Part 1: Global essential safety requirements (GESRs)
• ISO/DTS 8100-21 — Lifts for the transport of persons and goods — Part 21: Global safety parameters (GSPs) meeting the global essential safety requirements (GESRs)
• ISO/FDIS 13253 — Ducted air-conditioners and air-to-air heat pumps — Testing and rating for performance
• ISO/NP TR 16765 — Comparison of worldwide safety standards on lifts for firefighters
• ISO/PRF 7165 — Firefighting — Portable fire extinguishers — Performance and construction
• ISO/TR 11071-2:2006 — Comparison of worldwide lift safety standards — Part 2: Hydraulic lifts (elevators)
• ISO/TR 25743:2010 — Lifts (elevators) — Study of the use of lifts for evacuation during an emergency
• JIS A 4302:2006 — Inspection standard of elevator, escalator and dumbwaiter
• JIS A 4422:2011 — Toilet seat with shower unit
• NFPA 10:2013 — Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers
• NFPA 101 — Life Safety Code
• NFPA 110:2016 — Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems
• NFPA 13:2016 — Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems
• NFPA 14:2016 — Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
• NFPA 25:2017 — Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems
• NFPA 72:2016 — National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code
• NFPA 780 — Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems
• NFPA 80 — Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening Protectives
• SS 141:2013 — Specification for unplasticised PVC pipe for cold water services and industrial uses
• SS 245:2014 — Specification for glass reinforced polyester sectional water tanks
• SS 332:2007 — Specification for fire doors
• SS 375-1:2015 — Suitability of non-metallic products for use in contact with water intended for human consumption with regard to their effect on the quality of the water — Part 1 : Specification
• SS 403:2013 — Specification for 13A fused connection units switched and unswitched
• SS 480:2016 — Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for house-hold and similar uses (RCBOs) — General rules
• SS 485:2011 — Specification for slip resistance classification of pedestrian surface materials
• SS 508-3:2013 — Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Design principles for graph-ical symbols for use in safety signs
• SS 514:2016 — Code of practice for office ergonomics
• SS 530:2014 — Code of practice for energy efficiency standard for building services and equipment
• SS 531-1:2006(2013) — Code of practice for lighting of work places — Indoor
• SS 532:2016 — Code of practice for the storage of flammable liquids
• SS 535:2007 — Code of practice for installation, operation, maintenance, performance and construction requirements of mains failure standby generating systems
• SS 538:2008 — Code of practice for maintenance of electrical equipment of electrical installations
• SS 546:2009 — Code of practice for emergency voice communication systems in buildings
• SS 550:2009 — Code of practice for installation, operation and maintenance of electric passenger and goods lifts
• SS 551:2009 — Code of practice for earthing
• SS 553:2016 — Code of practice for air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation in buildings
• SS 554:2016 — Code of practice for indoor air quality for air-conditioned buildings
• SS 555-1:2010 — Code of practice for protection against lightning — Part 1: General principles
• SS 555-3:2010 — Code of practice for protection against lightning — Part 3: Physical damage to structures and life hazard
• SS 555-4:2010 — Code of practice for protection against lightning — Part 4: Electrical and electronic systems within structures
• SS 563-1:2010 — Code of practice for the design, installation and maintenance of emergency lighting and power supply systems in buildings — Part 1: Emergency lighting
• SS 563-2:2010 — Code of practice for the design, installation and maintenance of emergency lighting and power supply systems in buildings — Part 2: Installation requirements and maintenance procedures
• SS 564-1:2013 — Green data centres — Part 1: Energy and environmental management systems
• SS 564-2:2013 — Singapore Standard for green data centres — Part 2: Guidance for energy and environmental management systems
• SS 575:2012 — Code of practice for fire hydrant, rising mains and hose reel systems
• SS 578:2012 — Code of practice for use and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers
• SS 591:2013 — Code of practice for long term measurement of central chilled water system energy efficiency
• SS 626:2017 — Code of practice for design, installation and maintenance of escalators and moving walks
• SS CP 10:2005 — Code of practice for the installation and servicing of electrical fire alarm systems
• SS CP 48:2005 — Code of practice for water services
• SS CP 5:1998 — Code of practice for electrical installations
• SS CP 52:2004 — Code of practice for automatic fire sprinkler system
• SS CP 82:1999 — Code of practice for waterproofing of reinforced concrete buildings
• SS CP 99:2003 — Code of practice for industrial noise control
• SS EN 3 Series (SS EN 3–7:2012) — Portable fire extinguishers — Characteristics, performance requirements and test methods
• SS EN 3-7:2012 — Portable fire extinguishers — Characteristics, performance requirements and test methods
• SS IEC 60598-1:2016 — Luminaires — Part 1: General requirements and tests
• SS ISO 22301:2012 — Societal security — Business continuity management systems — Requirements
• SS ISO 22313:2013 — Business continuity management systems — Guidance
• VDI 4707 — Lifts Energy Efficiency