Case 1
- Introduction
- Causes of Defects
- Good Practices
- Standards
- Maintenance and Diagnostics
- Remedial
- Similar Cases
- References
Standards
BS EN ISO 1463:2004 Metallic and oxide coatings. Measurement of coating thickness. Microscopical method
BS EN ISO 17834:2003 Thermal spraying. Coatings for protection against corrosion and oxidation at elevated temperatures
BS 3811:1993 Glossary of terms used in terotechnology (Withdrawn)
BS EN ISO 11600:2003+A1:2011 Building construction. Jointing products. Classification and requirements for sealants
BS 4255-1:1986 Rubber used in preformed gaskets for weather exclusion from buildings. Specification for non-cellular gaskets
BS 4868:1972 Specification for profiled aluminium sheet for building
BS 4900:1976 Specification for vitreous enamel colours for building purposes
BS 4904:1978 Specification for external cladding colours for building purposes
BS EN ISO 4516:2002 Metallic and other inorganic coatings. Vickers and Knoop microhardness tests
BS 5427:2016 Code of practice for the use of profiled sheet for roof and wall cladding on buildings
BS EN ISO 12944-1:1998 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. General introduction / BS EN ISO 12944-3:1998 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. Design considerations / BS EN ISO 12944-4:1998 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. Types of surface and surface preparation / BS EN ISO 12944-5:2007 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. Protective paint systems / BS EN ISO 12944-6:1998 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. Laboratory performance test methods / BS EN ISO 12944-7:1998 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. Execution and supervision of paintwork / BS EN ISO 12944-8:1998 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. Development of specifications for new work and maintenance / BS EN ISO 12944-2:1998 Paints and varnishes. Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. Classification of environments / BS EN ISO 14713-1:2009 Zinc coatings. Guidelines and recommendations for the protection against corrosion of iron and steel in structures. General principles of design and corrosion resistance / BS EN ISO 14713-2:2009 Zinc coatings. Guidelines and recommendations for the protection against corrosion of iron and steel in structures. Hot dip galvanizing / BS EN ISO 14713-3:2009 Zinc coatings. Guidelines and recommendations for the protection against corrosion of iron and steel in structures. Sherardizing
BS EN 1993-1-3:2006 Eurocode 3. Design of steel structures. General rules. Supplementary rules for cold-formed members and sheeting
BS 6093:2006+A1:2013 Design of joints and jointing in building construction. Guide
BS 6100-6:2008 Building and civil engineering. Vocabulary. Construction parts
BS ISO 2135:2010 Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys. Accelerated test of light fastness of coloured anodic oxidation coatings using artificial light
BS 6161-11:1985 Methods of test for anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. Measurement of total reflectance using a photoelectric reflectometer (Withdrawn)
BS EN ISO 2376:2010 Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys. Determination of electric breakdown potential
BS EN ISO 8993:2010 Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys. Rating system for the evaluation of pitting corrosion. Chart method
BS EN ISO 8994:2011 Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys. Rating system for the evaluation of pitting corrosion. Grid method
BS 6161-14:1987 Methods of test for anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. Determination of infra-red reflectance (WIthdrawn)
BS 6161-18:1991 Methods of test for anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. Determination of surface abrasion resistance
BS 6213:2000+A1:2010 Selection of construction sealants. Guide
BS 6496:1984 Specification for powder organic coatings for application and stoving to aluminium alloy extrusions, sheet and preformed sections for external architectural purposes, and for the finish on aluminium alloy extrusions, sheet and preformed sections
BS 6915:2001+A1:2014 Design and construction of fully supported lead sheet roof and wall coverings. Code of practice
BS 7543:2015 Guide to durability of buildings and building elements, products and components
BS 8000-0:2014 Workmanship on construction sites. Introduction and general principles
BS EN 1999-1-4:2007+A1:2011 Eurocode 9. Design of aluminium structures. Cold-formed structural sheeting / BS EN 1999-1-3:2007+A1:2011 Eurocode 9. Design of aluminium structures. Structures susceptible to fatigue / BS EN 1999-1-1:2007+A2:2013 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures. General structural rules
BS EN 1999-1-1:2007+A2:2013 Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures. General structural rules
CP 143-1:1958 Code of practice for sheet roof and wall coverings. Aluminium, corrugated and troughed
CP 143-10:1973 Code of practice for sheet roof and wall coverings. Code of practice for sheet roof and wall coverings. Galvanized corrugated steel. Metric units
CP 143-12:1970 Code of practice for sheet roof and wall coverings. Code of practice for sheet roof and wall coverings. Copper. Metric units
CP 143-15:1973 Code of practice for sheet roof and wall coverings. Code of practice for sheet roof and wall coverings. Aluminium. Metric units
BS EN 1172:2011 Copper and copper alloys. Sheet and strip for building purposes
BS EN 2004-5:1993 Test methods for aluminium and aluminium alloy products. Determination of cladding thickness and copper diffusion of clad semi-finished products
BS EN ISO 18286:2010 Hot-rolled stainless steel plates. Tolerances on dimensions and shape / BS EN 10029:2010 Hot-rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above. Tolerances on dimensions and shape
BS EN 10169:2010+A1:2012 Continuously organic coated (coil coated) steel flat products. Technical delivery conditionsContinuously organic coated (coil coated) steel flat products. Technical delivery conditions
BS EN 12153:2000 Curtain walling. Air permeability. Test method
BS EN 12154:2000 Curtain walling. Watertightness. Performance requirements and classification
BS EN 12155:2000 Curtain walling. Watertightness. Laboratory test under static pressure
BS EN 12179:2000 Curtain walling. Resistance to wind load. Test method
BS EN 12588:2006 Lead and lead alloys. Rolled lead sheet for building purposes
BS EN 13050:2011 Curtain Walling. Watertightness. Laboratory test under dynamic condition of air pressure and water spray
BS EN 13051:2001 Curtain walling. Watertightness. Site test
BS EN 13116:2001 Curtain walling. Resistance to wind load. Performance requirements
ASTM B137 – 95(2014) Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Mass Per Unit Area on Anodically Coated Aluminum
ASTM B244 – 09(2014) Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thickness of Anodic Coatings on Aluminum and of Other Nonconductive Coatings on Nonmagnetic Basis Metals with Eddy-Current Instruments
ASTM B580 – 79(2014) Standard Specification for Anodic Oxide Coatings on Aluminum
ASTM B659 – 90(2014) Standard Guide for Measuring Thickness of Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
ASTM B680 – 80(2014) Standard Test Method for Seal Quality of Anodic Coatings on Aluminum by Acid Dissolution
ASTM B767 – 88(2010) Standard Guide for Determining Mass Per Unit Area of Electrodeposited and Related Coatings by Gravimetric and Other Chemical Analysis Procedures
ASTM C509 – 06(2015) Standard Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing Material
ASTM C717 – 14a Standard Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
ASTM C1401 – 14 Standard Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing
ASTM C1392 – 00(2014) Standard Guide for Evaluating Failure of Structural Sealant Glazing
ASTM D523 – 14 Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss
ASTM D610 – 08(2012) Standard Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces
ASTM D968 – 15 Standard Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive
ASTM D1654 – 08 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments
ASTM D2247 – 15 Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative HumidityASTM D2244 – 15a Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
ASTM D2247 – 15 Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative Humidity
ASTM D2794 – 93(2010) Standard Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
ASTM E1592 – 05(2012) Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof and Siding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
ASTM E283 – 04(2012) Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen
ASTM E376 – 11 Standard Practice for Measuring Coating Thickness by Magnetic-Field or Eddy-Current (Electromagnetic) Testing Methods
ASTM E1424 – 91(2008) Standard Test Method for Determining the Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure and Temperature Differences Across the Specimen
ASTM E1233 / E1233M – 14 Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights, and Curtain Walls by Cyclic Air Pressure Differential
ASTM E1105 – 15 Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls, by Uniform or Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference
ASTM E547 – 00(2009) Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference
ASTM E331 – 00(2009) Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
ASTM E330 / E330M – 14 Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
ASTM E1996 – 14a Standard Specification for Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems Impacted by Windborne Debris in Hurricanes
ASTM E998 – 12 Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Glass in Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads by Nondestructive Method
ASTM E1886 – 13a Standard Test Method for Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems Impacted by Missile(s) and Exposed to Cyclic Pressure Differentials
ASTM E997 – 15 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Glass Breakage Probability Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads by Proof Load Testing
S 1562.1-1992 Design and installation of sheet roof and wall cladding – Metal
AS 1562.1-1992/Amdt 1-1993 Design and installation of sheet roof and wall cladding – Metal
AS 1562.1-1992/Amdt 2-1995 Design and installation of sheet roof and wall cladding – Metal
AS 1562.1-1992/Amdt 3-2012 Design and installation of sheet roof and wall cladding – MetalAS 4040.0-1992 Methods of testing sheet roof and wall cladding – Introduction, list of methods and general requirementsAS 4040.1-1992 Methods of testing sheet roof and wall cladding – Resistance to concentrated loadsAS 4040.2-1992 Methods of testing sheet roof and wall cladding – Resistance to wind pressures for non-cyclone regionsAS 4040.4-2006 Methods of testing sheet roof and wall cladding – Resistance to impact (sandbag) – Sheet roof materialsAS/NZS 4040.5:1996 Methods of testing sheet roof and wall cladding – Resistance to impact (sandbag) for wall boardsSA HB 39:2015
Installation code for metal roof and wall claddingHB 39 Supp 1-1997 (CD-ROM) Installation code for metal roof and wall cladding – Multimedia guide on CD-ROM (Supplement to SAA HB39-1997) (Withdrawn 15 Apr 2004)
SS 381 : 1996 (2007) Materials and performance tests for aluminium curtain walls
BS EN ISO 2177:2004 Metallic coatings. Measurement of coating thickness. Coulometric method by anodic dissolution
BS EN ISO 2178:2016 Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates. Measurement of coating thickness. Magnetic method
BS EN ISO 2360:2003 Non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic electrically conductive basis materials. Measurement of coating thickness. Amplitude-sensitive eddy current method
BS EN ISO 2819:1995 Metallic coatings on metallic substrates. Electrodeposited and chemically deposited coatings. Review of methods available for testing adhesion
BS EN ISO 3882:2003 Metallic and other inorganic coatings. Review of methods of measurement of thickness
BS EN ISO 4518:1995 Metallic coatings. Measurement of coating thickness. Profilometric method
BS EN ISO 8401:1995 Metallic coatings. Review of methods of measurement of ductility
BS EN ISO 9220:1995 Metallic coatings. Measurement of coating thickness. Scanning electron microscope method